I’m you host from Quantam Troupes, Lets learn about Quantum Computer
Table of Contents
Before knowing what a quantum computer is, you must know Quantum computer is not an upgraded version of a normal computer. it is created for different purpose. Quantum computers are really created for high level mathematical equations that are beyond our reach.
Like a candle will never be able to produce that much light that a bulb can produce. Now you can guess those things are really created for different uses and purposes. Those two are different technologies so they have different works to do.
What is the theory behind the Quantum compute
To understand how quantum computers work we have to go deep down to the subatomic state like an electron, proton, or photon. The electron of an atom can stay on multiple stages that means presence in all places simultaneously. We normally read in books that electrons orbits the nucleus in a specific orbit. But it is not the case. Electrons can orbit at any place on that orbit. Like this.
It is called superposition. But when we will try to learn where the electron actually is, this position will collapse. In 1980 Richard Feynman came up with an idea. His idea was why we are not implementing this thing on a computer. We will learn about him later on another blog.
How does it work?
- What is bit?
Normal computers uses binary 0 and 1. It is called bit. Classical computers convert everything in to 0 and 1 because it works using transistors. When the transistor is on it counts 1 and when the transistor is off it counts 0. We will learn about it later in another blog.
- What is qubit
But the Quantum computer works using qubit (quantum bit). There is a difference between bit and qubit. We know that bit can just be 1 or 0. it can just be one at a time. Means it will just be 1 or either or 0. But qubit can be 1 or 0 and also both. It is called superposition.
- What is superposition?
But can that be? How can it be both? To understand it easily we can imagine coin tossing. When a you toss a coin in the air, the coin spines. When the coin spins you can not identify whether it is head or tail.That means on the time it is both head and tail. That is called superposition. But when you will try to see whether it is head or tail and if you stop the coin and the superposition brakes.
How does it make our task faster?
Think I gave you a math and you do not know how you can actually solve it. But you know some ways that might be able to solve the math. You don’t know which is the correct way. Now you will do those ways one by one. It will take a lot of time. But imagine you can make copies of yourself and give them to try different ways at the same time. It will be faster to solve the math quickly right. Now imagine I gave you some names of different movies. And is like this
- 100101
- 010011
- 001010
- 110101
- 101101
- 011011
- 001101
- 010101
- 011100
- 000011
Suppose these are the names of those movies. What do you think a classical computer would do? It will search those names one by one. But since the quantum computer has its superposition it can be both 0 and 1 at the same time. So it will be able to search faster. I gave the computer a little task but when we need a bulk amount of information a classical computer will struggle severely. That’s why we need a Quantum computer.
How to create a qubit in Quantum computer?
Qubit is created by photons, nucleus or electrons. It is created by putting it on a circuit. To create qubit we are facing mainly two types of problems. The main difficulty is to maintain the superposition state. Superposition is a highly sensitive state. There are a lot of factors like hit , radiation etc to break the superposition state. So after creating the qubit circuit scientist quickly put it in liquid nitrogen because of its lower temperature.
The another problem is to get an understandable reply. It will be impossible if the altitude is not perfectly correct. So scientists use some quantum gates to prevent the instability.
How much info a qubit can store?
It is really pretty hard to identify the true capacity and it needs to perform some hard quantum mechanics equations. To give you a hint, if you have 10 qubit you can store the info that will need 16,000 transistors to store. And if you have 500 qubit you can store the info that will need every number of atoms in the whole observable universe.
So now you can imagine the power of qubit.
